Dirty Reads/Non-repeatable Reads/Phantom Reads in SQL Server

Dirty Reads: - Occur when one transaction reads uncommitted data.

Non-repeatable Reads: - Occur when one transaction attempts to access the same data twice and a second transaction modifies the data between the first transaction's read attempts. This may cause the first transaction to read two different values for the same data, causing the original read to be non-repeatable.

Phantom Reads: - Occur when one transaction accesses a range of data more than once and a second transaction inserts or deletes rows that fall within that range between the first transaction's read attempts. This can cause "phantom" rows to appear or disappear from the first transaction's perspective.